Social engineering attacks are not only becoming more common against enterprises and SMBs, but they're also increasingly sophisticated. With hackers devising ever-more clever methods for fooling employees and individuals into handing over valuable company data, enterprises must use due diligence in an effort to stay two steps ahead of cyber criminals.
Google the top social engineering attacks. What do you get? Stories about Trojan Horses, phishing attacks, malware injections, redirects, spam, and people giving up way too much personal information on public websites. The surface area for social engineering attacks is as big as all the employees and users in your corporation. The best social engineering attack will involve nothing but an unnoticed slip or mistake from one user. I am going address the very specific aspect of internal security and leave you with the following: the most important protection you need in your company is the ability to say, "No."
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Knowing the history of these attacks is useful, but overall, it is not going to protect you. The attackers are always ahead of those of us who are defending our information. A social engineer will always find a new way to do what they do. Someone who wants to target your company is considered an unending well of creativity, and must be treated as such. Keep in mind, technology always changes, but the humans utilizing that technology do not change. You can protect yourself with all the technology you want, but just one human mistake can blow your company's doors wide open. Humans are the attack surface on which a social engineer strikes.
I know I am addressing a very specific aspect of IT, but one of the best ways to shrink your attack surface is to learn how to say, "No." It takes strong leadership and determination from IT management to keep our protection streamlined. Only after our protection is streamlined can we accurately educate our users and create a secure infrastructure. Every individual exception opens a Pandora's Box for social engineers to find (or even just stumble upon) and exploit.
Another of the more common attacks is a wireless man in the middle. That is where a wireless access point that is under the control of a hacker is placed within your environment so that all of your login and data traffic is funneled through a control point that can be logged and accessed. Using public/open WiFi at hotels, coffee houses, etc. also puts your data in a precarious situation. How to stop these attacks is an ongoing question, but there are steps you can use to mitigate them. Don't use the same passwords over and over again. Use pass phrases such as I W3nt to h@wa11 4 phun instead of words that can be guessed with dictionary attacks. VPNs, and not the free ones that are often a scam of their own, should be used on any wireless device used on a network outside of your control. When using a VPN properly, the data between you and the websites you visit is encrypted from prying eyes.
Ondrej Krehel, CISSP, CEH, CEI, EnCE, is the founder and principal of LIFARS LLC, an international cybersecurity and digital forensics firm. He's the former Chief Information Security Officer of Identity Theft 911, the nation's premier identity theft recovery and data breach management service. He previously conducted forensics investigations and managed the cyber security department at Stroz Friedberg and the Loews Corporation. With two decades of experience in computer security and digital forensics, he has launched investigations into a broad range of IT security matters, from hacker attacks to data breaches to intellectual property theft. His work has received attention from CNN, Reuters, The Wall Street Journal, and The New York Times, among many others.
Imagine an individual's bank account credentials get stolen by hackers. They are going to be unable to send money without a entering a unique code that gets sent to the victim's phone. Scammers have been known to contact the victim before wiring the money out of the account and telling them a lie in order for the victim to share the unique code. They can say something such as Hi. We are seeing some suspicious activity on your account. In order to review the activity in question, we will need to verify that you are in fact the owner of the account. You'll be receiving a verification SMS shortly. Once you receive it, go ahead and read the code to me and we will proceed with the review. - This is highly effective.
Once upon a time, hackers and spammers relied on blasting spam/phishing emails to as many eyes as possible to gain access to sensitive information via malicious attachments or links. The spam/phishing attempts have evolved to become extremely specific and, effectively, the most advanced persistent threats seen to date. Using social media tactics to find just about anyone, attackers have gotten great at personalizing phishing emails.
Possibly password resets or attempts to gain access to confidential information, such as bank account information. A call center may be targeted when the hacker has some general information about a target, and they will use tenacity to extract additional information from the call center. Regular staff training is paramount for employees to learn social engineering attack techniques and ensure that they follow security best practice at all times.
End-to-End EncryptionA cell phone already uses encryption to talk to the nearest cell tower. This is because hackers could otherwise eavesdrop on radio waves to listen in on phone calls. However, after the cell tower, phone calls are not encrypted as they traverse copper wires and fiber optic cables. It is considered too hard for nefarious actors to dig up these cables and tap into them.
The process is not perfect. For example, when the FBI went after Jeremy Hammond, the perpetrator of the Anonymous Stratfor attack, they collected[10] traffic on both ends. The Tor traffic coming from his home matched activity by the targeted hacker in a chat room. The correlation was robust enough to secure court orders.
It appears that Hame never actually used the technique, however. According a transcript of his interrogation he forgot the passwords and names of the websites he was supposed to use. Instead, as it appears in most cases, most of the planning of his terrorist activities was by face-to-face contact, not electronic communication.[30]
[n] An 0day is a software bug that can be used to break into a computer that no one, even the software maker, knows exists. The fact that intelligence services buy 0days from hackers but do not tell the manufacturers is controversial among those working in the tech field.
[o] They are extremely difficult to find. Intelligence services pay hackers in the controversial 0day market to find bugs and report them to the intelligence agencies. Every time that Microsoft updates Windows or Apple updates the iPhone, the 0days often break, requiring the intelligence agencies to go back to the hackers for replacements.
However, I still face a problem during test run. When I right click the .bat file, and choose edit, I can see your whole programmng raw data with the password inside ! This way it defeats the purpose of hidding security password from others' viewing.
Now all of this was great advice from NIST, but they stopped short of providing the one thing organisations really need to make all this work: the passwords themselves. That's why I created Pwned Passwords - because there was a gap that needed filling - and let's face it, I do have access to rather a lot of them courtesy of running HIBP. So 6 months ago I launched the service and today, I'm pleased to launch version 2 with more passwords, more features and something I'm particularly excited about - more privacy. Here's what it's all about:
Junade's idea was different though; he proposed using a mathematical property called k-anonymity and within the scope of Pwned Passwords, it works like this: imagine if you wanted to check whether the password "P@ssw0rd" exists in the data set. (Incidentally, the hackers have worked out people do stuff like this. I know, it sucks. They're onto us.) The SHA-1 hash of that string is "21BD12DC183F740EE76F27B78EB39C8AD972A757" so what we're going to do is take just the first 5 characters, in this case that means "21BD1". That gets sent to the Pwned Passwords API and it responds with 475 hash suffixes (that is everything after "21BD1") and a count of how many times the original password has been seen. For example:
May 31 11:12:06 [redacted] =1308195%3C%22%27;alert%28String.fromCharCode%2888,83,83%29%29//\%27;alert%28String.fromCharCode%2888,83,83%29%29//%22;alert%28String.fromCharCode%2888,83,83%29%29//\%22;alert%28String.fromCharCode%2888,83,83%29%29//--%3E%3C/SCRIPT%3E%22%3E%27%3E%3CSCRIPT%3Ealert%28String.fromCharCode%2888,83,83%29%29%3C/SCRIPT%3E%22%3E&tid=401May 31 11:12:37 [redacted] delivered :DMay 31 11:18:50 * Neuron (Neuron@HA-dvk.col.tt2aeb.IP) has joined #pure-eliteMay 31 11:18:57 Neuron o/ morning!May 31 11:19:30 [redacted] helloMay 31 11:19:38 [redacted] XSS in billoreilly lolMay 31 11:19:42 [redacted] =1308195%3C%22%27;alert%28String.fromCharCode%2888,83,83%29%29//\%27;alert%28String.fromCharCode%2888,83,83%29%29//%22;alert%28String.fromCharCode%2888,83,83%29%29//\%22;alert%28String.fromCharCode%2888,83,83%29%29//--%3E%3C/SCRIPT%3E%22%3E%27%3E%3CSCRIPT%3Ealert%28String.fromCharCode%2888,83,83%29%29%3C/SCRIPT%3E%22%3E&tid=401May 31 11:19:50 [redacted] also a URL redirectionMay 31 11:19:51 [redacted] =1&said=313&pos=11&url= May 31 11:20:31 Neuron lmfaoMay 31 11:20:39 Neuron wow you been bizzyMay 31 11:21:54 Neuron what made you go after billoreilly?May 31 11:22:59 joepie92 hai NeuronMay 31 11:23:02 Neuron o/May 31 11:23:54 [redacted] the lulzMay 31 11:45:15 * Neuron yawnsMay 31 11:50:06 Avunit Get on the new IRCd; use your login @ to check how to!May 31 11:51:18 * Neuron rages my login info is on my other machine :( Avunit help a man out?May 31 11:51:28 Avunit lolMay 31 11:51:31 Avunit ill reset your passMay 31 11:51:35 Avunit sinc ei cant obviously read itMay 31 11:51:45 Neuron rgr thanksMay 31 11:51:50 [redacted] AvunitMay 31 11:51:54 Avunit yeshMay 31 11:51:59 [redacted] nvm i still ahve my pass :DMay 31 11:52:19 * Avunit has quit (SSL Connection closed)May 31 11:52:40 * Avunit (Avunit@HA-4o8.6s8.srgpum.IP) has joined #pure-eliteMay 31 11:52:48 Avunit what is this for sorcery D:May 31 11:52:55 Neuron XDMay 31 11:53:04 * Avunit has quit (Changing host)May 31 11:53:04 * Avunit (Avunit@netadmin.operationfreedom.ru) has joined #pure-eliteMay 31 11:53:30 Avunit Anyway need to move asap, i only havent spoken to devrandom yetMay 31 11:53:44 Neuron Avunit: cap_sasl.pl 404May 31 11:53:59 Avunit wutMay 31 11:53:59 Avunit secMay 31 11:55:55 Avunit oh i know xDMay 31 11:56:48 [redacted] brbMay 31 11:56:54 Python interface unloaded**** ENDING LOGGING AT Tue May 31 11:56:54 2011 2ff7e9595c